Though pulses are energy-rich crops, they have been cultivated
under energy starvation conditions with application of low doses
of organic manure and chemical fertilisers resulting in low yields.
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In some states like Madhya Pradesh, Delhi and Maharashtra,
gram is not manured, particularly when the previous crop is
manured. |
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A basal dressing of farmyard manure (FYM) is provided in the
black soils of Andhra Pradesh and in the loamy soils of West
Bengal and Gujarat at a rate of 10, 4 and 5 cart loads, respectively.
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Total uptake of nitrogen by a Chickpea crop has been estimated
to vary 60-145 kg/ha, depending upon growing conditions of the
crop. |
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Positive response to starter nitrogen dressing of about 15-25
kg N/ha was observed in soils of low fertility status and poor
in organic matter. |
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Symbiotic N fixation apparently seems to be effective enough
in most of these areas to meet the major nitrogen need of the
crop. |
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In areas where nodulation has been either very poor or has
completely failed, significant response to increasing rates
of N application have been obtained. Soil and foliar application
of more N reduced the symbiotic N-fixation. |
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Phosphorus uptake has been found to range from 5 to 10 kg/ha
depending upon crop growth conditions. |
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In contrast at several places no positive response to P was
found even in soils testing medium the available phosphorus
is too low. No response to phosphorus might be due to high phosphate-fixing
capacity of soil. Lack of response to P concludes that Chickpea
might be more efficient in uptake and utilisation of soil phosphorus.
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Application of phosphate is rare except in loamy to heavy
loam soils of the Punjab. |
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The sources of P2O5 viz dicalcium phosphate and superphosphate,
were found to be equally efficient. |
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In general, application of phosphate fertilisers increased
the yield of Cicer in Andhra, Bihar, Delhi, Mysore, Punjab,
Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Gujarat. |
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Potash manuring was found be to be injurious to this crop
under Pusa conditions |
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It was found that application of P2O5 stimulated vegetative
growth, seed setting and seed size, but not the time of flowering
and maturity. |
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Chickpea when grown on high PH soils rich in calcium carbonate,
show typical symptoms of iron defieciency. The deficiency can
be corrected by a foliar spray of 0.5% W/V ferrous sulphate
solution near the beginning of reproductive growth and a fortnight
later. Zinc deficiency observed can be corrected by a foliar
spray of 0.5% W/V Zinc sulphate solution or by applying 25 kg
Zinc sulphate/ha. |
| Micro-Nutrients |
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Application of molybdenum increases the grain yield. |
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Copper, Manganese and Zinc also having a favourable effect
on the crop when applied in combination. |
